Animal Welfare: USDA's Oversight of Dealers of Random Source Dogs and Cats Would Benefit from Additional Management Information and Analysis
GAO-10-945
Published: Sep 24, 2010. Publicly Released: Sep 24, 2010.
Skip to Highlights
Highlights
For decades, the public has been concerned that lost or stolen dogs and cats could be used in research. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) is responsible for the licensing and oversight of dealers who provide animals for research. Random source Class B dealers--who generally obtain dogs and cats for research from individuals, pounds, and other dealers--have been the focus of this concern. GAO was asked to determine (1) the number of random source Class B dealers, (2) the extent to which APHIS conducts inspections of these dealers and verifies their records, and (3) the costs associated with APHIS's oversight of these dealers compared to other types of dealers. GAO reviewed the Animal Welfare Act (AWA); APHIS regulations and guidance; inspection reports; agency data, such as "traceback" data used to verify dogs and cats are not lost or stolen; and interviewed and reviewed documents from agency officials and other stakeholders.
Recommendations
Recommendations for Executive Action
| Agency Affected | Recommendation | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Department of Agriculture | To improve APHIS's oversight of random source Class B dealers who purchase dogs and cats for research, the Secretary of Agriculture should direct the Administrator of APHIS to improve the agency's analysis and use of the traceback information it collects, such as whether the same sellers or inspectors were consistently involved in late or incomplete tracebacks, and ensure it is taking all available steps to verify random source Class B dealers are obtaining dogs and cats from legitimate sources, including making certain that tracebacks are completed in a timely manner and conducted according to APHIS guidance. |
GAO reported in September 2010 that, among other things, USDA (APHIS) data related to Class B dealers of random source dogs and cats was incomplete. To improve APHIS's oversight of these dealers, GAO recommended that APHIS improve the use of the traceback information it collects for these dealers. USDA (APHIS) agreed with GAO's recommendation and, in May 2011, took actions based upon our work to improve its oversight of these dealers, including (1) consolidating traceback information on Class B dealers of random source dogs and cats for both APHIS regions and (2) increasing supervisory oversight related to the traceback data by having an APHIS program manager enter and be responsible for tracking the data. APHIS officials explained that having the program manager enter and track the data was important because previously APHIS administrative staff had performed this task and these staff did not have program knowledge related to the area or the supervisory authority to follow-up with inspectors. In addition, in July 2014, APHIS indicated that traceback information is kept in an EXCEL spreadsheet log on a designated drive that allows its animal care specialists who inspect dealer facilities to access these data on-line. APHIS also indicated that the number of Class B dealers of random source dogs and cats has dropped to just four nationwide, all in APHIS's Eastern Region; at the time of our original work, there were nine such dealers, including one in the Western Region. According to APHIS officials, this smaller number of dealers makes it easier for the agency to manage and use the traceback information it collects.
|
| Department of Agriculture | To improve APHIS's oversight of random source Class B dealers who purchase dogs and cats for research, the Secretary of Agriculture should direct the Administrator of APHIS to develop a methodology to collect and track the oversight costs associated with the specific classes of dealers, and others the agency inspects, including random source Class B dealers, in order to identify potential problems requiring management attention and develop a business case for changing this oversight, if appropriate, to more efficiently use available resources. |
APHIS stated that in response to this recommendation it was developing an Employee Activity Report System (EARS), as a module of its Animal Care Information System, to track national data related to program and resource work performance. Testing of EARS began in February 2013, with implementation scheduled in October 2013. APHIS stated in July 2014 that a shift in focus to upgrading the Animal Care Information System, however, prevented APHIS from addressing EARS system design issues that arose and EARS was not implemented. Until certification and accreditation of the upgraded Animal Care Information System is completed, APHIS stated it would not be able to implement EARS and the agency was unable to estimate a date when that might occur.
|
Full Report
Public Inquiries
Topics
AccountabilityAnimal welfareAnimalsBiomedical researchCost analysisData collectionDomestic animalsFederal agenciesInspectionInternal controlsLaboratory animalsLicensesRecordsResearch and developmentResearch and development facilitiesSalesStandardsCompliance