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Testimony:

Before the Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Committee on Banking, 
Housing, and Urban Affairs, U.S. Senate:

United States General Accounting Office:

GAO:

For Release on Delivery Expected at 10:00 a.m. EDT:

Thursday, March 25, 2004:

NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM:

Actions to Address Repetitive Loss Properties:

Statement of William O. Jenkins, Jr., Director, Homeland Security & 
Justice Issues:

GAO-04-401T:

GAO Highlights:

Highlights of GAO-04-401T, a report to Subcommittee on Economic 
Policy, Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 

Why GAO Did This Study:

Floods have been, and continue to be, the most destructive natural 
hazard in terms of damage and economic loss to the nation. From fiscal 
year 1992 through fiscal year 2002, about 900 lives were lost due to 
flooding and flood damages totaled about $55 billion. Some properties 
have been repeatedly flooded and the subject of federal flood 
insurance claims. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 
within the Department of Homeland Security is responsible for 
assisting state and local governments, private entities, and 
individuals to prepare for, mitigate, respond to, and recover from 
natural disasters, including floods. The National Flood Insurance 
Program (NFIP) is the primary vehicle for FEMA’s efforts to mitigate 
the impact of floods. 

The Senate Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Committee on Banking, 
Housing, and Urban Affairs, asked GAO to discuss (1) FEMA’s approach 
to flood mitigation, (2) the effect of repetitive loss properties on 
the NFIP, and (3) recent actions taken or proposed to address the 
impact of repetitive loss properties on the NFIP. 

What GAO Found:

FEMA has taken a multifaceted approach to mitigating, or minimizing 
the life and property losses and disaster assistance costs that result 
from flooding. Through the National Flood Insurance Program, FEMA 
develops and updates flood maps that identify flood-prone areas and 
makes insurance available for communities that agree to adopt and 
enforce building standards based upon these maps. Since its inception 
in 1968, the National Flood Insurance Program has paid $12 billion in 
insurance claims to owners of flood-damage properties that have been 
funded primarily by policyholders’ premiums, thus saving the federal 
government from paying all damage-related expenses in the aftermath of 
floods. Through a variety of grant programs, FEMA also provides 
funding for mitigation planning activities and projects before and 
after floods occur.

Repetitive loss properties represent a significant portion of annual 
flood insurance program losses. About 1 percent of the 4.4 million 
properties currently insured by the program are considered to be 
repetitive loss properties—properties for which policyholders have 
made two or more $1,000 flood claims. However, about 38 percent of all 
program claims have been the result of repetitive loss properties, at 
a cost of about $200 million annually or about $4.6 billion since 
1978. 

Recent federal actions to reduce program losses related to repetitive 
loss properties include FEMA’s strategy to target severe repetitive 
loss properties for mitigation and congressional proposals to phase 
out coverage or begin charging full and actuarially based rates for 
repetitive loss property owners who refuse to accept FEMA’s offer to 
purchase or mitigate the effect of floods on these buildings. FEMA’s 
strategy and the congressional proposals appear to have the potential 
to reduce the number and vulnerability of repetitive loss properties 
and, thereby, the potential to help reduce the number of flood 
insurance claims. 

www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-04-401T.

To view the full product, including the scope and methodology, click 
on the link above. For more information, contact William O. Jenkins at 
(202) 512-8757 or jenkinsw@gao.gov.

[End of section]

Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee:

I appreciate the opportunity to participate in today's hearing to 
discuss the National Flood Insurance Program and the effect on the 
program of repetitive loss properties--properties with two or more 
losses greater than $1,000 in a 10-year period. Floods have been, and 
continue to be, the most destructive natural hazard in terms of 
economic loss to the nation, as well as the cause of hundreds of deaths 
in communities across the nation. During the 10 years from fiscal year 
1992 through fiscal year 2001, flooding resulted in about $55 billion 
in damages and about 900 deaths. During that period, the federal 
government paid about $7.7 billion in federal flood insurance claims 
financed primarily through policyholder premiums paid into the National 
Flood Insurance Fund.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) within the Department of 
Homeland Security (DHS) is the primary federal agency responsible for 
assisting state and local governments, private entities, and 
individuals to prepare for, mitigate,[Footnote 1] respond to, and 
recover from natural disasters, including floods. FEMA's National Flood 
Insurance Program has served as a key component of the agency's efforts 
to minimize or mitigate the damage and financial impact of floods on 
the public, as well as to limit federal expenditures needed after 
floods occur. The program has been credited by the administration with 
saving $1 billion annually by improving floodplain management and 
setting building standards--such as one to elevate structures--that 
have minimized flood damages. However, in the past, we have identified 
a number of concerns about the program's financial viability, including 
how repetitive loss properties have contributed to the program's long-
term losses. Recent actions have been taken or proposed by the 
administration and Members of Congress to address the challenge posed 
by repetitive loss properties.

My testimony today is based primarily on our past work. I will provide 
a perspective on (1) FEMA's approach to mitigating flood-related losses 
through the flood insurance program and other grant programs, (2) the 
effect of repetitive loss properties on the flood insurance program, 
and (3) recent actions taken or proposed to address the impact of 
repetitive loss properties on the program by FEMA and the Congress.

In summary:

* FEMA has taken a multifaceted approach to mitigating flood-related 
losses. Through the flood insurance program, FEMA identifies and maps 
flood prone communities and makes insurance available to property 
owners in communities that agree to adopt and enforce building 
standards to mitigate the impact of floods. FEMA also provides funding 
for mitigation planning activities and projects before and after floods 
occur through various mitigation grant programs.

* Repetitive loss properties represent a significant portion of annual 
flood insurance claims. While repetitive loss properties represent only 
about 1 percent of the current 4.4 million properties insured by the 
program, they have accounted for about 38 percent of all program claim 
costs historically and are projected by FEMA to cost about $200 million 
annually. Since 1978, the total cost of these repetitive loss 
properties to the program has been about $4.6 billion.

* Recent federal actions to reduce program claims related to repetitive 
loss properties include FEMA's strategy to target the most frequent and 
costly repetitive loss properties for mitigation and congressional 
proposals to phase out coverage or begin charging full and actuarially 
based rates for repetitive loss property owners who refuse to accept 
FEMA's offer to purchase or mitigate the affected buildings. These 
actions have the potential to reduce future program losses and improve 
the financial condition of the program.

Background:

Floods continue to be the most destructive natural hazard in terms of 
damage and economic loss to the nation. Property damage from flooding 
now totals over $1 billion each year in the United States and floods 
occur within all 50 states. Nearly 9 of every 10 presidential disaster 
declarations result from natural phenomena in which flooding was a 
major component. Most communities in the United States can experience 
some kind of flooding after spring rains, heavy thunderstorms, or 
winter snow thaws. Not only do floods cause damage and loss, they can 
be deadly--flooding caused the deaths of about 900 people from fiscal 
year 1992 through fiscal year 2001. Tropical Storm Allison, which 
struck the Gulf Coast in June 2001, demonstrated the economic and 
social impact flooding can have, causing billions of dollars in damages 
and 41 deaths. As a result of the storm, FEMA paid out over $1 billion 
in insurance claims, the largest amount paid for a single event since 
1978 when FEMA began to collect summary statistics on flood claims. 
More recently, Hurricane Isabel ravaged the Mid-Atlantic states in 
September 2003. Through November 30, 2003, FEMA had paid over $160 
million in flood insurance claims and estimates that ultimately, flood 
insurance claim payments resulting from Isabel will be about $450 
million. At least 40 deaths have been attributed to the storm.

Floods can be slow or fast rising but generally develop over a period 
of days. Flash flood waters move at very fast speeds and can roll 
boulders, tear out trees, destroy buildings, and obliterate bridges. 
Walls of water can reach heights of 10 to 20 feet and generally are 
accompanied by a deadly cargo of debris. Flood damage causes both 
direct and indirect costs. Direct costs reflect immediate losses and 
repair costs as well as short-term costs such as flood fighting, 
temporary housing, and administrative assistance. By contrast, indirect 
costs are incurred in an extended time period following a flood and 
include loss of business and personal income (including permanent loss 
of employment), reduction in property values, increased insurance 
costs, loss of tax revenue, psychological trauma, and disturbance to 
ecosystems. In 1968, in recognition of the increasing amount of flood 
damage, the lack of readily available insurance for property owners, 
and the cost to the taxpayer for flood-related disaster relief, the 
Congress passed the National Flood Insurance Act (Pub. L. No. 90-448) 
that created the National Flood Insurance Program.

FEMA Has Sought to Minimize Flood-Related Losses Through the National 
Flood Insurance Program and Various Mitigation Grant Programs:

Through the National Flood Insurance Program, FEMA has sought to 
minimize flood-related property losses by making flood insurance 
available on reasonable terms and encouraging its purchase by people 
who need flood insurance protection--particularly those living in flood 
prone areas. The program identifies flood prone areas in the country, 
makes flood insurance available to property owners in communities that 
participate in the program,[Footnote 2] and requires floodplain 
building standards to mitigate flood hazards. FEMA also seeks to 
mitigate flood hazards through a variety of mitigation grant programs.

Under the flood insurance program, FEMA prepares flood insurance rate 
maps to delineate flood prone areas including special flood hazard 
areas--also known as 100-year floodplains[Footnote 3]--where enhanced 
building standards and insurance requirements apply. Currently, FEMA is 
in the initial stages of a billion dollar effort to update the nation's 
flood maps. The Map Modernization program is intended to improve the 
accuracy of flood maps, put the maps in digital format to improve their 
accessibility, and provide the basis for assessing the impact of other 
hazards in support of DHS's efforts to protect the nation from both 
man-made and natural disasters. For example, the maps could be used to 
assess the impact of toxic chemical spills on local waterways. At the 
request of the Chairman of the House Financial Services Subcommittee on 
Housing and Community Opportunity, we have been reviewing the Map 
Modernization program and plan to report on FEMA's program strategy and 
the status of the program later this spring.

Flood maps provide the basis for establishing floodplain building 
standards that participating communities must adopt and enforce as part 
of the program. For a community to participate in the program, any 
structures built within a special flood hazard area after the flood map 
was completed must be built according to the program's building 
standards that are aimed at minimizing flood losses. A key component of 
the program's building standards that must be followed by participating 
communities is a requirement that the lowest floor of the structure be 
elevated to or above the base flood level--the highest elevation at 
which there is a 1-percent chance of flooding in a given year. The 
administration has estimated that the program's standards for new 
construction save about $1 billion annually in flood damage avoided. 
According to FEMA, buildings constructed in compliance with these 
standards suffer approximately 80 percent less damage annually than 
those not built according to these standards.

Flood maps also provide the basis for setting insurance rates and 
identifying properties whose owners are required to purchase flood 
insurance. When the program was created, the purchase of flood 
insurance was voluntary. To increase the impact of the program, the 
Congress amended the original law in 1973 to require the purchase of 
flood insurance in certain circumstances. Flood insurance is required 
for structures in special flood hazard areas of communities 
participating in the program if (1) any federal loans or grants were 
used to acquire or build the structures or (2) the structures are 
secured by mortgage loans made by lending institutions that are 
regulated by the federal government.[Footnote 4] The National Flood 
Insurance Reform Act of 1994 that further amended the program also 
reinforced the objective of using insurance as the preferred mechanism 
for disaster assistance. The act expanded the role of federal agency 
lenders and regulators in enforcing the mandatory flood insurance 
purchase requirements. It also prohibited further flood disaster 
assistance for any property where flood insurance was not maintained 
even though it was mandated as a condition for receiving prior disaster 
assistance. Currently, the program provides insurance for approximately 
4.4 million policyholders in the nearly 20,000 communities that 
participate in the program. The program has paid about $12 billion in 
insurance claims, primarily from policyholder premiums that otherwise 
would have been paid through taxpayer-funded disaster relief or borne 
by home and business owners themselves.

FEMA also has a variety of grant programs designed to mitigate the 
effects of natural hazards, including flooding, on people and property. 
From October 1989 through July 2003, FEMA funded approximately 3,900 
flood mitigation projects worth about $2 billion through the flood 
insurance program and a variety of other grant programs. Through these 
projects, FEMA mitigated over 29,000 properties. FEMA's Flood 
Mitigation Assistance Program is funded through the flood insurance 
program and is designed to reduce claims under the program. Grants 
provided to states and communities are to be used for flood related 
mitigation activities such as elevation, acquisition, and relocation of 
buildings insured by the flood insurance program. In implementing this 
program, FEMA has encouraged states to prioritize project grant 
applications that include repetitive loss properties. In addition, FEMA 
provides funding for mitigation planning activities and projects before 
and after floods occur, respectively through the Pre-Disaster 
Mitigation Program and the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program. In 
implementing the Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program for 2003, FEMA 
specifically targeted projects designed to mitigate repetitive loss 
properties. Through the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program, FEMA estimates 
that it has mitigated over 2,500 repetitive loss properties through 
acquisitions, elevations, and other flood protection measures.

Payments for Repetitive Losses Contribute to Program Financial 
Concerns:

The flood insurance program has raised financial concerns because, over 
the years, it has lost money and at times has had to borrow funds from 
the U.S. Treasury. One of the primary reasons--payments for repetitive 
loss properties--has been consistently identified in our past work and 
by FEMA. About 49,000--approximately 1 percent of the 4.4 million 
buildings currently insured under the program--have been flooded on 
more than one occasion during a 10-year period and have received flood 
insurance payments of $1,000 or more for each claim. These repetitive 
loss properties are problematic not only because of their vulnerability 
to flooding but also because of the costs of repeatedly repairing flood 
damages. For example, a 1998 study by the National Wildlife Federation 
noted that nearly 1 out of every 10 repetitive loss homes has had 
cumulative flood loss claims that exceeded the value of the house.

According to FEMA, repetitive loss properties have accounted for about 
38 percent of all program claim costs historically and are projected by 
FEMA to cost about $200 million annually. Since 1978, the total cost of 
these repetitive loss properties to the program has been about $4.6 
billion. Nearly half of all nationwide repetitive loss property 
insurance payments had been made in Louisiana, Florida and Texas. For 
example, in Texas, since 1978 there have been approximately 45,000 
flood claims totaling over $1 billion for repetitive damage. These 3 
states, plus 12 others, have accounted for nearly 90 percent of the 
total payments made for repetitive loss properties.

FEMA has Developed a Strategy and Members of Congress Have Proposed 
Changes to Address Repetitive Losses:

FEMA has developed a strategy to reduce the number of properties 
repeatedly flooded that, like congressional proposals, seeks to target 
repetitive loss properties with the greatest losses. FEMA's strategy 
identifies the highest priority properties, for example those with four 
or more losses, that would benefit from mitigation activities designed 
to remove them altogether from the floodplains, elevate them above the 
reach of floodwaters, or apply other measures that would significantly 
reduce their exposure to flood risk. According to FEMA, it has paid out 
close to $1 billion dollars in flood insurance claims over the last 21 
years for these properties. As of November 30, 2003 FEMA had identified 
approximately 11,000 currently insured repetitive loss properties in 
this target group. FEMA has set up a special direct facility for 
servicing these properties and provides information about these 
property to state and local floodplain management officials. States or 
communities may sponsor projects to mitigate flood losses to these 
properties or may be able to provide property owners technical 
assistance on mitigation options. To facilitate grant-funded mitigation 
activities[Footnote 5] for this target group, FEMA also initiated a 
pilot program to allow states and communities (where these properties 
are located) to use simplified methodology and software to establish 
the cost-effectiveness of proposed projects when applying for grants to 
mitigate these repetitive loss properties.

Members of Congress have also recognized the financial burden 
repetitive loss properties place on the program and have proposed 
changing premium rates for properties with the greatest losses. Two 
bills introduced in 2003--H.R. 253 and H.R. 670--proposed amending the 
National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, to, among other things, change 
the premiums for repetitive loss properties. Under the proposed bills, 
premiums charged for such properties would reflect actuarially based 
rates[Footnote 6] if the property owner has refused a buyout, 
elevation, or other flood mitigation measure from the flood insurance 
program or FEMA. H.R. 253, as passed by the House, included a pilot 
program to allow FEMA to use flood insurance program funds to target 
"severe" repetitive loss properties for mitigation. Specifically, FEMA 
could use up to $40 million each year for the next 5 years for 
mitigation directed at these properties. For property owners who refuse 
FEMA's mitigation offers, their premium rates would be increased by 50 
percent if they subsequently made a claim to the program exceeding 
$1,500.[Footnote 7] In the past, we have noted that increasing 
policyholder premiums could cause some of the policyholders to cancel 
their flood insurance.[Footnote 8] H.R. 253 includes a provision that 
provides FEMA the flexibility of increasing the deductible, which would 
result in a lower premium rate, for policies where property owners 
refuse mitigation offers and make subsequent claims exceeding $1,500. 
This may provide property owners who refuse mitigation offers a means 
for maintaining their flood insurance without a significant increase in 
their premium rate.

While we have not fully analyzed the potential results of FEMA's 
repetitive loss strategy and mitigation actions proposed by H.R. 253, 
based on a preliminary assessment, they appear to have the potential to 
reduce the number and/or vulnerability of repetitive loss properties 
and, thereby, the potential to help improve the program's financial 
condition. By making near term investments targeted to the most costly 
properties to insure, FEMA should be able to reduce annual expenditures 
for these properties in the long term by reducing the national 
inventory of repetitive loss properties.

According to FEMA, there are a total of about 100,000 repetitive loss 
properties accounting for $4.6 billion in losses since 1978. Of these 
properties, FEMA reports that there are about 49,000 properties that 
are currently insured that have accounted for about $2.6 billion in 
losses since 1978. Of these currently insured properties, about 6,000 
repetitive loss properties that have accounted for about $792 million 
in losses since 1978 could be considered for mitigation efforts funded 
through the pilot program proposed by H.R. 253. In accordance with the 
bill's proposed criteria, each of these properties either had 4 or more 
separate claims each exceeding $5,000 with cumulative claims exceeding 
$20,000 or had at least 2 separate claims with cumulative losses 
exceeding the value of the property. The remaining 43,000 currently 
insured repetitive loss properties, accounting for $1.8 billion in 
losses since 1978, do not meet the criteria for the proposed pilot 
program. Of these properties that would not be eligible for the pilot 
program, about 26,000 properties, accounting for about $1.6 billion in 
losses since 1978, had cumulative losses greater than $20,000, but 
either (1) less than 4 claims had been filed or (2) each claim did not 
meet the $5,000 threshold. (For state by state details on the total 
number of repetitive loss properties, the number of currently insured 
repetitive loss properties, the number of currently insured repetitive 
loss properties that meet the criteria proposed in the H.R. 253 pilot 
program, and the number of currently insured repetitive loss properties 
that do not meet the criteria, see appendix 1, tables 1, 2, 3, and 4, 
respectively.):

As with all federal initiatives, the success of FEMA 's efforts in 
implementing a repetitive loss strategy and any future legislated 
program directives will be most effectively determined by using 
outcome-based, rather than output-based performance measures. Such 
outcome-based measures could allow FEMA to assess the impact of savings 
to the National Flood Insurance Program resulting from its mitigation 
of repetitive loss properties.

Mr. Chairman, this concludes my statement. I would be pleased to answer 
any questions that you or other members of the Subcommittee may have.

Contact Information:

For further information on this testimony, please contact William O. 
Jenkins at (202) 512-8777. Individuals making key contributions to this 
testimony include Chris Keisling, Kirk Kiester, and Meg Ullengren.

[End of section]

Appendix I: Data on Repetitive Loss Properties For the Period January 
1, 1978 through November 30, 2003:

This appendix contains data we obtained from FEMA's National Flood 
Insurance Program Bureau & Statistical Agent on repetitive loss 
properties and the flood insurance losses associated with those 
properties. To assess the reliability of this data, we interviewed 
agency officials knowledgeable about the data and the system 
development manager responsible for maintaining the data and the 
systems. We determined that the data were sufficiently reliable for 
identifying repetitive loss properties and illustrating the potential 
impact of the pilot program proposed by H.R. 253 on these properties.

Table 1: Total Number of Repetitive Loss Properties As Defined by FEMA 
and the Total Losses Incurred by These Properties:

State or Territory: Alabama; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,835; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $83,691,091.

State or Territory: Alaska; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 19; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $468,843.

State or Territory: Arizona; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 175; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $4,884,758.

State or Territory: Arkansas; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 321; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $11,941,534.

State or Territory: California; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 2,628; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $124,044,903.

State or Territory: Colorado; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 36; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $748,159.

State or Territory: Connecticut; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,054; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $44,163,664.

State or Territory: Delaware; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 281; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $12,615,552.

State or Territory: District of Columbia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 10; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $585,392.

State or Territory: Florida; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 9,019; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $421,344,255.

State or Territory: Georgia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 855; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $41,425,873.

State or Territory: Guam; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 12; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $385,619.

State or Territory: Hawaii; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 144; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $9,546,830.

State or Territory: Idaho; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 14; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $579,663.

State or Territory: Illinois; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,762; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $54,387,720.

State or Territory: Indiana; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 616; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $18,583,212.

State or Territory: Iowa; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 503; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $18,829,467.

State or Territory: Kansas; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 323; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $17,044,737.

State or Territory: Kentucky; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,117; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $55,283,294.

State or Territory: Louisiana; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 20,534; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $810,411,024.

State or Territory: Maine; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 125; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $5,946,516.

State or Territory: Maryland; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 508; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $23,776,971.

State or Territory: Massachusetts; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 2,140; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $88,096,542.

State or Territory: Michigan; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 351; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $9,186,190.

State or Territory: Minnesota; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 353; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $11,223,627.

State or Territory: Mississippi; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 3,281; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $127,911,429.

State or Territory: Missouri; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 3,953; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $190,678,940.

State or Territory: Montana; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 35; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $706,576.

State or Territory: Nebraska; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 300; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $7,855,929.

State or Territory: Nevada; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 21; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $1,699,859.

State or Territory: New Hampshire; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 91; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $2,489,816.

State or Territory: New Jersey; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 6,126; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $265,701,909.

State or Territory: New Mexico; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 12; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $430,851.

State or Territory: New York; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 6,988; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $195,600,245.

State or Territory: North Carolina; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 5,767; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $268,496,176.

State or Territory: North Dakota; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 111; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $5,194,653.

State or Territory: Ohio; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,003; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $33,594,150.

State or Territory: Oklahoma; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 757; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $33,569,657.

State or Territory: Oregon; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 251; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $13,325,203.

State or Territory: Pennsylvania; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 2,670; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $134,421,074.

State or Territory: Puerto Rico; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,838; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $45,025,945.

State or Territory: Rhode Island; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 167; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $9,869,855.

State or Territory: South Carolina; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,248; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $68,927,019.

State or Territory: South Dakota; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 69; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $2,140,281.

State or Territory: Tennessee; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 641; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $24,452,981.

State or Territory: Texas; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 15,777; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $1,039,278,392.

State or Territory: Utah; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 5; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $174,244.

State or Territory: Vermont; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 46; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $1,412,547.

State or Territory: Virgin Islands; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 181; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $17,088,798.

State or Territory: Virginia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,676; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $87,661,854.

State or Territory: Washington; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 604; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $31,294,466.

State or Territory: West Virginia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 1,707; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $65,014,451.

State or Territory: Wisconsin; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 350; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $10,698,243.

State or Territory: Wyoming; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 5; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $157,285.

State or Territory: Total; 
Number of repetitive loss properties: 100,415; 
Dollar amount of losses for repetitive loss properties: $4,554,068,263.

Source: FEMA:

Note: This table contains data from January 1,1978 to November 30, 
2003. Repetitive loss properties are defined by FEMA as properties 
that have been flooded on more than one occasion during a 10-year 
period and have received flood insurance payments of $1,000 or more 
for each claim.

[End of table]

Table 2: Total Number of Currently Insured Repetitive Loss Properties 
As Defined by FEMA and the Total Losses Incurred by These Properties:

State or Territory: Alabama; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 1,113; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$54,763,624.

State or Territory: Alaska; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 9; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$250,401.

State or Territory: Arizona; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 34; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$979,728.

State or Territory: Arkansas; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 98; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$5,214,244.

State or Territory: California; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 1,315; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$70,297,658.

State or Territory: Colorado; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 15; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$288,285.

State or Territory: Connecticut; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 551; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$25,762,758.

State or Territory: Delaware; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 166; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$9,093,706.

State or Territory: District of Columbia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 2; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$262,095.

State or Territory: Florida; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 5,844; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$285,678,979.

State or Territory: Georgia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 449; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$24,230,607.

State or Territory: Guam; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 9; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$326,419.

State or Territory: Hawaii; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 63; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$5,698,632.

State or Territory: Idaho; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 5; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$269,659.

State or Territory: Illinois; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 602; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$23,203,936.

State or Territory: Indiana; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 262; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$9,337,064.

State or Territory: Iowa; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 233; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$10,310,670.

State or Territory: Kansas; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 86; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$7,472,586.

State or Territory: Kentucky; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 559; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$33,985,283.

State or Territory: Louisiana; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 11,211; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$519,823,924.

State or Territory: Maine; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 60; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$3,389,180.

State or Territory: Maryland; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 285; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$15,190,465.

State or Territory: Massachusetts; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 1,433; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$62,583,805.

State or Territory: Michigan; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 79; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$4,171,667.

State or Territory: Minnesota; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 148; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$5,682,443.

State or Territory: Mississippi; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 1,248; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$64,364,366.

State or Territory: Missouri; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 935; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$67,498,430.

State or Territory: Montana; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 7; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$179,171.

State or Territory: Nebraska; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 52; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$1,477,567.

State or Territory: Nevada; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 11; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$838,471.

State or Territory: New Hampshire; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 38; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$1,580,076.

State or Territory: New Jersey; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 3,584; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$166,181,042.

State or Territory: New Mexico; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 6; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$147,581.

State or Territory: New York; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 2,741; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$98,779,008.

State or Territory: North Carolina; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 4,132; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$182,941,805.

State or Territory: North Dakota; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 25; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$959,524.

State or Territory: Ohio; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 428; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$19,956,150.

State or Territory: Oklahoma; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 238; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$14,035,032.

State or Territory: Oregon; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 148; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$8,885,004.

State or Territory: Pennsylvania; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 1,111; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$71,048,345.

State or Territory: Puerto Rico; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 340; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$15,165,298.

State or Territory: Rhode Island; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 76; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$5,067,871.

State or Territory: South Carolina; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 608; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$32,024,539.

State or Territory: South Dakota; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 23; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$974,108.

State or Territory: Tennessee; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 328; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$16,149,183.

State or Territory: Texas; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 6,118; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$529,656,763.

State or Territory: Utah; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 2; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$141,441.

State or Territory: Vermont; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 21; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$826,362.

State or Territory: Virgin Islands; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 72; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$7,640,852.

State or Territory: Virginia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 1,001; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$50,679,980.

State or Territory: Washington; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 296; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$18,570,981.

State or Territory: West Virginia; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 769; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$34,191,301.

State or Territory: Wisconsin; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 208; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$6,629,724.

State or Territory: Wyoming; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 2; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$33,971.

State or Territory: Total; 
Number of repetitive loss properties currently insured: 49,199; 
Dollar amount of losses for insured repetitive loss properties: 
$2,594,891,765.

Source: FEMA:

Note: This table contains data from January 1,1978 to November 30, 
2003. Repetitive loss properties are defined by FEMA as properties that have been flooded on more than one occasion during a 10-year period and have received flood insurance payments of $1,000 or more for each claim.

[End of table]

Table 3: Total Number of Insured Repetitive Loss Properties That Meet 
H.R. 253 Severe Repetitive Loss Criteria and Total Losses Incurred by 
These Properties:

State or Territory: Alabama; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 1,113; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: $54,763,624; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 54; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: $6,463,851; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 28; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $2,420,400.

State or Territory: Alaska; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 9; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 250,401; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Arizona; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 34; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 979,728; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 5; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $175,759.

State or Territory: Arkansas; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 98; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 5,214,244; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 12; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,708,354; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: California; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 1,315; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 70,297,658; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 98; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 12,693,031; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 75; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $5,295,799.

State or Territory: Colorado; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 15; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 288,285; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Connecticut; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 551; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 25,762,758; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 52; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 5,849,156; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 18; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $1,717,645.

State or Territory: Delaware; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 166; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 9,093,706; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 14; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 3,671,582; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $85,990.

State or Territory: District of Columbia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 2; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 262,095; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 256,863; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Florida; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 5,844; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 285,678,979; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 295; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 44,395,241; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 129; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $12,033,520.

State or Territory: Georgia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 449; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 24,230,607; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 17; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,184,752; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 27; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $2,912,849.

State or Territory: Guam; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 9; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 326,419; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Hawaii; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 63; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 5,698,632; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 6; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 864,053; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 5; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $498,404.

State or Territory: Idaho; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 5; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 269,659; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 118,865; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Illinois; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 602; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 23,203,936; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 61; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 6,352,145; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 30; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $2,206,544.

State or Territory: Indiana; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 262; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 9,337,064; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 26; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,172,406; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 3; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $303,788.

State or Territory: Iowa; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 233; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 10,310,670; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 4; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 852,684; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 9; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $1,110,514.

State or Territory: Kansas; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 86; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 7,472,586; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 9; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 3,030,265; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 3; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $537,385.

State or Territory: Kentucky; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 559; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 33,985,283; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 90; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 13,413,166; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 27; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $1,951,404.

State or Territory: Louisiana; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 11,211; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 519,823,924; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1,543; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 160,049,021; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 266; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $17,791,274.

State or Territory: Maine; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 60; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 3,389,180; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 5; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 607,713; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Maryland; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 285; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 15,190,465; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 11; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,147,524; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 8; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $363,953.

State or Territory: Massachusetts; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 1,433; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 62,583,805; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 97; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 14,326,550; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 40; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $3,408,243.

State or Territory: Michigan; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 79; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 4,171,667; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 3; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 346,050; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 2; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $112,444.

State or Territory: Minnesota; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 148; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 5,682,443; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 5; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 854,774; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 2; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $94,625.

State or Territory: Mississippi; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 1,248; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 64,364,366; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 160; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 17,479,826; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 77; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $5,561,038.

State or Territory: Missouri; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 935; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 67,498,430; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 166; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 29,470,155; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 91; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $6,025,294.

State or Territory: Montana; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 7; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 179,171; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Nebraska; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 52; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 1,477,567; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 87,986; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 7; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $355,886.

State or Territory: Nevada; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 11; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 838,471; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 112,460; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: New Hampshire; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 38; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 1,580,076; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 133,837; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $21,387.

State or Territory: New Jersey; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 3,584; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 166,181,042; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 375; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 54,663,072; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 67; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $3,665,284.

State or Territory: New Mexico; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 6; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 147,581; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: New York; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 2,741; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 98,779,008; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 141; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 19,508,163; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 61; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $5,541,717.

State or Territory: North Carolina; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 4,132; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 182,941,805; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 198; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 24,459,561; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 80; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $12,572,011.

State or Territory: North Dakota; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 25; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 959,524; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 80,867; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Ohio; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 428; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 19,956,150; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 28; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 5,421,096; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 14; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $706,233.

State or Territory: Oklahoma; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 238; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 14,035,032; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 38; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 5,740,230; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 12; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $948,477.

State or Territory: Oregon; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 148; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 8,885,004; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 7; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,448,373; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 13; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $659,110.

State or Territory: Pennsylvania; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 1,111; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 71,048,345; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 85; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 14,820,666; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 34; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $3,390,302.

State or Territory: Puerto Rico; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 340; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 15,165,298; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 22; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 4,009,676; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 9; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $364,354.

State or Territory: Rhode Island; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 76; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 5,067,871; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 9; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 3,026,107; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $40,949.

State or Territory: South Carolina; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 608; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 32,024,539; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 24; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,862,488; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 23; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $2,165,272.

State or Territory: South Dakota; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 23; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 974,108; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 261,320; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $35,974.

State or Territory: Tennessee; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 328; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 16,149,183; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 26; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 4,771,974; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 7; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $250,766.

State or Territory: Texas; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 6,118; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 529,656,763; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 790; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 143,758,753; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 309; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $49,428,892.

State or Territory: Utah; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 2; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 141,441; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Vermont; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 21; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 826,362; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 339,126; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Virgin Islands; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 72; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 7,640,852; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 8; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,464,950; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 3; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $1,118,466.

State or Territory: Virginia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 1,001; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 50,679,980; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 37; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 12,213,811; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 35; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $3,387,211.

State or Territory: Washington; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 296; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 18,570,981; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 15; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 2,312,703; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 19; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $1,631,997.

State or Territory: West Virginia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 769; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 34,191,301; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 33; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 4,709,416; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 43; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $2,752,297.

State or Territory: Wisconsin; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 208; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: 6,629,724; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 5; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 271,132; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 1; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $62,000.

State or Territory: Wyoming; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 2; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: $33,971; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: $0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 0; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $0.

State or Territory: Total; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured repetitive loss properties: 49,199; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties: $2,594,891,765; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: 4,577; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses for insured properties with 4 or more losses 
at least $5000 each: $638,785,796; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than 
value of property: 1,586; 
Severe repetitive loss properties as defined by H.R. 253: 
Dollar amount of losses with total losses greater than value of 
property: $153,705,454.

Source: FEMA:

Note: This table contains data from January 1,1978 to November 30, 2003. Repetitive loss properties are defined by FEMA as properties that have been flooded on more than one occasion during a 10-year period and have received flood insurance payments of $1,000 or more for each claim.

[End of table]

Table 4: Total Number of Currently Insured Repetitive Loss Properties That Have Incurred Cumulative Losses of $20,000 or More that Do Not Meet H.R. 253 Criteria for Number of Claims or Dollar Threshold for Each Claim:

State or Territory: Alabama; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 1,113; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $54,763,624; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 1,031; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $45,879,373; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 577; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $41,002,431.

State or Territory: Alaska; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 9; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $250,401; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 9; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $250,401; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 6; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $217,462.

State or Territory: Arizona; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 34; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $979,728; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 29; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $803,969; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 17; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $673,947.

State or Territory: Arkansas; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 98; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $5,214,244; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 86; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $2,505,889; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 48; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $2,077,821.

State or Territory: California; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 1,315; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $70,297,658; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 1,142; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $52,308,828; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 784; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $48,289,264.

State or Territory: Colorado; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 15; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $288,285; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 15; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $288,285; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 3; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $168,579.

State or Territory: Connecticut; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 551; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $25,762,758; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 481; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $18,195,957; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 262; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $15,885,273.

State or Territory: Delaware; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 166; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $9,093,706; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 151; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $5,336,134; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 92; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $4,764,542.

State or Territory: District of Columbia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 2; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $262,095; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 1; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $5,232; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 0; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $0.

State or Territory: Florida; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 5,844; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $285,678,979; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 5,420; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $229,250,219; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 3,369; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $207,264,222.

State or Territory: Georgia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 449; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $24,230,607; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 405; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $19,133,006; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 250; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $17,529,405.

State or Territory: Guam; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 9; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $326,419; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 9; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $326,419; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 6; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $273,023.

State or Territory: Hawaii; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 63; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $5,698,632; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 52; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $4,336,175; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 35; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $4,149,489.

State or Territory: Idaho; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 5; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $269,659; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 4; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $150,793; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 3; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $138,055.

State or Territory: Illinois; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 602; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $23,203,936; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 511; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $14,645,247; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 267; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $12,149,830.

State or Territory: Indiana; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 262; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $9,337,064; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 233; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $6,860,870; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 129; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $5,765,705.

State or Territory: Iowa; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 233; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $10,310,670; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 220; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $8,347,472; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 109; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $7,230,051.

State or Territory: Kansas; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 86; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $7,472,586; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 74; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $3,904,936; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 46; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $3,537,037.

State or Territory: Kentucky; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 559; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $33,985,283; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 442; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $18,620,713; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 281; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $16,763,540.

State or Territory: Louisiana; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 11,211; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $519,823,924; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 9,402; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $341,983,629; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 6,083; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $305,738,350.

State or Territory: Maine; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 60; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $3,389,180; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 55; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $2,781,467; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 27; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $2,466,802.

State or Territory: Maryland; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 285; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $15,190,465; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 266; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $12,678,989; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 164; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $11,477,404.

State or Territory: Massachusetts; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 1,433; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $62,583,805; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 1,296; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $44,849,012; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 682; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $38,094,864.

State or Territory: Michigan; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 79; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $4,171,667; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 74; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $3,713,172; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 25; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $3,261,848.

State or Territory: Minnesota; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 148; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $5,682,443; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 141; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $4,733,044; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 70; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $4,031,174.

State or Territory: Mississippi; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 1,248; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $64,364,366; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 1,011; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $41,323,502; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 654; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $37,515,205.

State or Territory: Missouri; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 935; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $67,498,430; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 678; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $32,002,980; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 480; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $29,695,281.

State or Territory: Montana; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 7; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $179,171; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 7; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $179,171; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 4; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $158,929.

State or Territory: Nebraska; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 52; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $1,477,567; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 44; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $1,033,695; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 22; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $781,283.

State or Territory: Nevada; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 11; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $838,471; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 10; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $726,011; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 7; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $672,932.

State or Territory: New Hampshire; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 38; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $1,580,076; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 36; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $1,424,853; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 17; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $1,228,814.

State or Territory: New Jersey; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 3,584; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $166,181,042; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 3,142; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $107,852,685; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 1,727; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $92,623,411.

State or Territory: New Mexico; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 6; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $147,581; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 6; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $147,581; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 4; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $128,129.

State or Territory: New York; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 2,741; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $98,779,008; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 2,539; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $73,729,128; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 1,208; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $59,794,017.

State or Territory: North Carolina; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 4,132; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $182,941,805; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 3,854; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $145,910,234; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 2,185; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $127,723,081.

State or Territory: North Dakota; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 25; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $959,524; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 24; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $878,657; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 11; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $706,938.

State or Territory: Ohio; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 428; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $19,956,150; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 386; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $13,828,821; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 199; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $11,787,561.

State or Territory: Oklahoma; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 238; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $14,035,032; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 188; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $7,346,325; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 127; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $6,682,135.

State or Territory: Oregon; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 148; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $8,885,004; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 128; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $5,777,521; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 89; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $5,339,042.

State or Territory: Pennsylvania; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 1,111; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $71,048,345; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 992; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $52,837,377; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 586; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $48,543,126.

State or Territory: Puerto Rico; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 340; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $15,165,298; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 309; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $10,791,268; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 145; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $8,819,234.

State or Territory: Rhode Island; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 76; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $5,067,871; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 66; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $2,000,816; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 33; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $1,605,087.

State or Territory: South Carolina; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 608; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $32,024,539; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 561; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $26,996,780; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 344; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $24,708,390.

State or Territory: South Dakota; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 23; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $974,108; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 21; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $676,814; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 11; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $541,731.

State or Territory: Tennessee; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 328; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $16,149,183; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 295; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $11,126,444; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 152; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $9,398,369.

State or Territory: Texas; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 6,118; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $529,656,763; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 5,019; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $336,469,118; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 3,797; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $322,573,631.

State or Territory: Utah; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 2; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $141,441; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 2; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $141,441; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 1; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $125,828.

State or Territory: Vermont; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 21; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $826,362; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 20; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $487,235; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 7; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $345,848.

State or Territory: Virgin Islands; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 72; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $7,640,852; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 61; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $4,057,436; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 50; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $3,953,055.

State or Territory: Virginia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 1,001; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $50,679,980; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 929; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $35,078,959; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 513; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $30,519,416.

State or Territory: Washington; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 296; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $18,570,981; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 262; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $14,626,281; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 161; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $13,539,129.

State or Territory: West Virginia; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 769; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $34,191,301; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 693; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $26,729,587; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 364; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $23,249,323.

State or Territory: Wisconsin; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 208; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $6,629,724; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 202; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $6,296,592; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 54; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $4,792,561.

State or Territory: Wyoming; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 2; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $33,971; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 2; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $33,971; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 1; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $24,605.

State or Territory: Total; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Number of insured properties: 49,199; 
Current repetitive loss inventory: 
Dollar amount losses for insured properties: $2,594,891,765; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties that do not meet criteria: 43,036; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties 
that do not meet criteria: $1,802,400,514; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Number of properties with total losses greater than $20,000: 26,288; 
Repetitive loss properties that do not meet the H.R. 
253 severe repetitive loss criteria: 
Dollar amount of losses associated with properties with 
total losses greater than $20,000: $1,620,526,209.

Source: FEMA:

Note: This table contains data from January 1, 1978 to November 30, 
2003. Repetitive loss properties are defined by FEMA as properties 
that have been flooded on more than one occasion during a 10-year 
period and have received flood insurance payments of $1,000 or more 
for each claim. 

[End of table]

[End of section]

Related GAO Products:

Flood Insurance: Challenges Facing the National Flood Insurance 
Program. GAO-03-606T. Washington, D.C.: April 1, 2003.

Major Management Challenges and Program Risks: Federal Emergency 
Management Agency. GAO-03-113. Washington, D.C.: January 2003.

Flood Insurance: Extent of Noncompliance with Purchase Requirements Is 
Unknown. GAO-02-396. Washington, D.C.: June 21, 2002.

Flood Insurance: Information on the Financial Condition of the National 
Flood Insurance Program. GAO-01-992T. Washington, D.C.: July 19, 2001.

Flood Insurance: Emerging Opportunity to Better Measure Certain Results 
of the National Flood Insurance Program. GAO-01-736T. Washington, D.C.: 
May 16, 2001.

FOOTNOTES

[1] Mitigation is defined by FEMA as sustained action that reduces or 
eliminates long-term risk to people and property from hazards and their 
effects.

[2] Nearly 20,000 communities across the United States currently 
participate in the program, including Puerto Rico and the Virgin 
Islands.

[3] These areas have a 1 percent or greater chance of experiencing 
flooding in any given year.

[4] Owners of properties with no mortgages or properties with mortgages 
held by unregulated lenders were not, and still are not, required to 
purchase flood insurance, even if the properties are in special flood 
hazard areas. 

[5] This pilot applies to all FEMA mitigation grant programs including 
the Hazard Mitigation Grant, the Flood Mitigation Assistance, the Pre-
Disaster Mitigation, and Supplemental Mitigation Grants. 

[6] Actuarially based rates would reflect the average expected flood 
losses over the long-run. Many flood insurance program policies are 
subsidized and therefore lower than actuarially based rates because the 
Congress authorized the program to make subsidized insurance rates 
available to owners of structures built before a community's flood map 
was prepared.

[7] Property owners could not be charged premium rates greater than the 
actuarial rates for their area.

[8] U.S General Accounting Office, Flood Insurance: Challenges Facing 
the National Flood Insurance Program, GAO-03-606T (Washington , D.C.: 
Apr. 1, 2003).