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Disaster Assistance: Greater Coordination and an Evaluation of Programs' Outcomes Could Improve Disaster Case Management

GAO-09-561 Published: Jul 08, 2009. Publicly Released: Jul 20, 2009.
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Highlights

 

As a result of the unprecedented damage caused by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in 2005, the federal government, for the first time, funded several disaster case management programs. These programs help victims access services for disaster-related needs. GAO was asked to review (1) steps the federal government took to support disaster case management programs after the hurricanes, (2) the extent to which federal agencies oversaw the implementation of these programs, (3) challenges case management agencies experienced in delivering disaster case management services, and (4) how these programs will inform the development of a federal case management program for future disasters. GAO reviewed relevant laws and guidance, obtained data from two programs, conducted site visits to Louisiana and Mississippi, and interviewed case management providers and officials from federal and state agencies involved in disaster case management.

 

Recommendations

Recommendations for Executive Action

Agency Affected Recommendation Status
Department of Homeland Security The Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security should direct the Administrator of FEMA to establish a realistic and achievable time line for designing and implementing a single, federal disaster case management program for future disasters.
Closed – Implemented
FEMA concurred with this recommendation and has worked with the Department of Health and Human Service's Administration for Children and Families (HHS/ACF) to develop a Disaster Case Management Program (DCM). The two agencies have been meeting on a biweekly basis since September 2010 and have an MOA in place for the ACF component of the Immediate DCM program. FEMA has established a timeline for the release of: DCM program guidance, grant application fact sheet, and FAQs, which calls for all components to be completed by October 2013.
Department of Homeland Security The Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security should direct the Administrator of FEMA to ensure that the federal disaster case management program FEMA develops includes practices to enhance and sustain coordination among federal and nonfederal stakeholders.
Closed – Implemented
In June 2010, FEMA Headquarters Disaster Case Management (DCM) staff hosted a DCM summit in New Orleans, LA. The summit included representatives from federal and state agencies and from voluntary agencies involved in providing DCM services. Discussion topics at the summit included, among others, the transfer of case files between federal to state agencies and communications with voluntary organizations. In addition, in March 2011, officials from FEMA and ACF signed a memorandum of agreement setting forth the responsibilities of FEMA and ACF with regard to disaster response and recovery, including DCM activities in particular. The MOU establishes a number of ways in which FEMA and ACF will coordinate on DCM activities, including the establishment of common goals, sharing of information, regular coordination meetings, and the standardization of forms, training and data collection. The MOU also describes ways in which FEMA and ACF will involve state agencies and voluntary organizations in DCM activities.
Department of Homeland Security The Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security should direct the Administrator of FEMA to conduct an outcome evaluation to determine the results of disaster case management pilot programs that have assisted victims of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, as well as pilot programs for victims of subsequent disasters. Such an evaluation will further inform the development of the federal disaster case management program for future disasters.
Closed – Implemented
FEMA concurred with this recommendation. The Department of Veteran's Affairs, supported by a federal interagency agreement with the Department of Homeland Security, completed its DCMP Evaluation Planning Project Final Report: A Working Model and Tools for DCMP Evaluation on 08/15/11. The report, based on evaluations and a review of reports on disaster case management programs following several disasters (including Hurricanes Katrina and Rita), presents a working model for DCMP evaluation and was used to guide the development of standardized tools and procedures for the DCM program.

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Topics

Case management servicesDatabasesDisaster recoveryDisaster relief aidFederal agenciesFederal aid for housingFederal aid programsFederal aid to statesFederal fundsstate relationsFunds managementHousingHousing programsHurricane KatrinaHurricanesInformation resources managementMonitoringProgram evaluationProgram managementRehabilitation programsState-administered programsDisaster housingProgram implementation